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i Friendly Guide-Book to 

ilLADELPHIA 




JOHN WANAMAKER 
1917 



PHILADELPHIA 

A GUIDE 



Made for the Convenience of People 
Interested in the City's Notable 
History and Present Achievements 




PUBLISHED BY 

John Wanamaker 

PHILADELPHIA 
1917 

(Copyright, 1917, by John Wanamaker) 




When William Penn left England to found his Colony, this is the type of ship he sailed 
in. No drawing exists of Pc tin's actual ship, the "Welcome." But this quaint 
Dutch drawing, of contemporary date, shows a z'cssel of the same build and 
tonnage as the "Welcome." —. 

16 



JUN 13 ft 17 



EARLY PHILADELPHIA AND ITS 
PLACE IN AMERICAN HISTORY 



' "W" WILL found a free colony for all mankind"- — this was the idea 
that led Penn and the English Quakers to establish the colony- 
called Pennsylvania. For many years imprisonment and exile 
had been the lot of this sect, but their zeal was strong, and their 
young leader William Penn was resolute and resourceful. In 1680, through 
his efforts, King Charles II granted to them a vast tract of land along 
the Delaware River, the grant canceling a great debt which the English 
Crown owed the Penn family. 

Soon after the charter was signed Penn issued an invitation to his 
people, urging them to seek religious freedom and giving a glowing 
account of the new country that was theirs. During the summer of 1681 
three shiploads of emigrants sailed for the new colony, and a deputy 
governor was sent out. 




The first brick house in Philadelphia, built in 1682. Heeded by William Penn to his 
daughter Letitia. It stood originally on Letitia Street, a short distance south of 
Market, but was subsequently moved out to Fair mo tint Park. 



£1 




The Print Shop 
of Benjamin 
Franklin, Printer, 
Journalist, S c i - 
cntist, Diplomat, 
Statesman and 
Philosopher, as it 
looked nearly two 
centuries ago 
zchen it stood in 
Second Street 
near Christ 
Church. 



This governor carried instructions from Penn to deal justly with all the 
people — the new English colonists and the Swedes, Dutch and Indians 
already there — and to make a treaty of friendship with the Indians. Penn 
himself was not ready to go to America until the next year; by that time 
his plan of government was framed. 

Characteristic of him was the way he took charge of his colony — with 
entire absence of ceremony and ostentation. Simplicity, directness, friend- 
liness and a very honest piety 
marked the beginnings of this State 
and city. Penn's treaty with the In- 
dians is famous, a simple statement 
of mutual faith and good will, which 
was not sworn to, nor ever recorded, 
but which neither white man nor 
Indian broke during the seventy odd 
years that the Friends controlled the 
colony of Pennsylvania. 

IN February, 1683, the capital, 
Philadelphia, was founded ; in 
1701 it was granted its charter 
by Penn, and was soon a flourishing 
town. The colony grew prosperous 
under its democratic and representa- 
tive government, and continued under 
the control of Penn's heirs or dep- 
uties until 1779, when their claims to 
soil and jurisdiction were purchased 
by the Pennsylvania legislature. 




Grave of Benjamin Franklin and his 
Wife, in Christ Church Cemetery, 
Southeast Corner of Fifth and 
Arch Streets. 



CARPENTERS' HALL 




Carpenters' Hall, at the head of a court running south from Chestnut Street between 
Third and Fourth, is hardly less interesting to the patriotic American than Inde- 
pendence Hall. Here the First Continental Congress met in TJJ4 to frame those 
measures which led to the Declaration of Independence. It is open to visitors. 



DURING the middle of the eighteenth century the greatest figure 
in the life of the Quaker town was Benjamin Franklin. Born in 
Boston in 1706, the young printer came to Philadelphia when 
seventeen, and by 1730 was married, established as a stationer and news- 
paper printer, and exercising considerable influence on public opinion. 
His subsequent services are thus characterized by one historian : 

"Penn had founded a Quaker commonwealth. Franklin undertook to 
divest it of its sectarian garments, to modernize it, to give it a place in 
contemporary politics, history, science and art. He made war on the 
proprietary government and pulled it down : he united Quakers, church- 
men, and German and Irish settlers in opposition to British pretensions 
and in sympathy with American ideals and principles. Without en- 
thusiasm, without ideality, without morality, without great command over 
or respect from men, he made Pennsylvania the foremost American 
colony at the outbreak of the Revolution by being himself the best public 
business man who ever lived." 

From 1736 onward Franklin was in public life in various capacities until 
1764, when he left for England, not to return until the eve of the Revolu- 
tion ; and the rest of his history belongs rather to the nation than to 
Philadelphia. 



THE history of the city during the middle of the century is chiefly a 
record of the growth of institutions — learned societies, sects and 
churches, hospitals and prisons, clubs and educational institutions. 
It was during this time that Philadelphia's industries and manufactures 
had their birth. And the story of the Quaker City during the Revolu- 
tion is so nearly a history of the Revolution itself as to need little retelling. 

Nowhere were England's colonial subjects more loyal than in Penn- 
sylvania, and nowhere did that loyalty die harder, nor with better reason. 
The hardships entailed by the Stamp Act of 1765 fell heavily on this 
colony; remonstrances were passed, and, in common with the other colo- 
nies, Pennsylvania refused to buy imported and dutiable commodities. The 
leaders of the people then, besides Franklin, were Dickinson, Willing, 
Morris, Thomson, Mifflin, Reed, Wharton, Hopkinson and others whose 
names are now familiar to all Philadelphians. 

The growing wrath of Pennsylvania toward the mother country was 
fanned to bitter fury by the treatment of Franklin in England at the 
hands of the Privy Council in 177-1 — their most distinguished and vener- 
able citizen was attacked in a coarse and brutal examination, which his 
countrymen rightly regarded as outrageous. 

6 



Liberty Bell, cast in 1752 for 
the Pennsylvania State 
House, hearing the inscrip- 
tion, "Proclaim L ib c r t y 
Throughout the Land." 
Its joyful notes did indeed 
proclaim liberty when it 
rang forth to announce to 
Philadelphians that within 
the State House the Inde- 
pendence of the Colonies 
had been declared. 




State House usually called Independence Hall, on Chestnut Street between Fifth and 
Sixth Streets, facing Independence Square. This is the birthplace of American 
Liberty for m a room here the delegates from the American Colonies met and 
^sued the Declaration of Independence. Passed on July 4 , m 6, it W as plblily 
*££****«* ■ *«form in the Square on July 8. In the main corridor the 
Liberty Bell shown above, is carefully Preserved. The last time it was runa 
was in x8 35 , m memory of Chief Justice Marshall. 9 



OLD CHRIST CHURCH 




Christ Church, on Second Street, north of Market, is closely connected with the 
history of Philadelphia. It was erected in 1727 to replace a one-story structure 
which had occupied the site since 1695. President Washington and President 
Adams each had a pew here, and here Benjamin Franklin and Henry Clay 
worshiped. The Church is 'open from 9 to 3 daily except Saturday, and contains 
many interesting memorials. 



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"Gloria Dei" Church, known as "Old Swedes," is the oldest church in Philadelphia, 
dating from 1698. The bell in the tower was cast in 1643. The church is in 
Swanson Street below Christian, and is reached by the Second Street cars. 



THE first formal convention to assert colonial rights was called in 
Carpenters' Hall on July 15, 1774, and the first Continental Con- 
gress met there September 4, with delegates from all the provinces. 
The work done by those men — Peyton Randolph, Patrick Henry, George 
Washington, Richard Henry Lee, Samuel and John Adams, John Jay, 
Gadsden, Rutledge and the others — belongs to the history of the world. 
This congress made the last appeal to Great Britain before resorting to 
arms. Its second session was held in May, 1775, and by this time the 
news of Lexington had reached the city. 

The time for organization and drill had come. The Philadelphia troops 
were reviewed by General Washington on June 20. Franklin returned 
from England early in May. was elected delegate to the Congress, and set 
about his work in the Committee of Safety of Pennsylvania. The \\. it- 
was fairly begun, and by the beginning of 1776 it was assumed that inde- 
pendence from the mother country would shortly be declared. One by 
one the colonics resolved on separation and confederation. 

9 



Resolutions in the Vir- 
ginia Convention in May 
were carried to Congress in 
June ; and on June 7 
Richard Henry Lee, sec- 
onded by John Adams, of- 
fered the resolution "That 
these united colonies are, 
and of right ought to be, 
free and independent 
Slates; that they are ab- 
solved from all allegiance 
to the British Crown, and 
that all political connection 
between them and the State 
of Great Britain is, and 
ought to be, totally dis- 
solved." 



In this tiny house, on Arch 
Street near Third, lived 
Betsy Ross, who was em- 
ployed by Washington in 
May, 1776, to make the 
sample flay with thirteen 
stripes and thirteen stars 
which was adopted as our 
National flag by resolution 
of Congress, June 14, 1777. 
Open daily from g to j.jo. 





ON. ILMOPUV MANSION U»TU 1 

.•o -....■> •.■«■• "»• •-» •'■ i »-»«n •.«»pi* 

On the left, Lord Howe's mansion during the British occupation, later President 
Washington's residence. On the right, the house of Robert Morris, financier 
of the Revolution. These stood at the comer of Sixth and High (Market) Streets. 

10 




So radical and daring a step 
was not taken without debate, 
for many still hoped for recon- 
ciliation. Pennsylvania was 
the battle-ground of conflicting 
opinions. But the Declaration 
was being drafted and was to 
be acted on in the July meet- 
ing of Congress. The Lee res- 
olution was adopted July 2, 
behind closed doors, and on 
July 4 the Declaration of Inde- 
pendence was passed. 

THESE memorable pro- 
ceedings took place in 
the State House, now 
known as Independence Hall. 
Here hung the bell that pealed 
forth the tidings — the "Liberty 
Bell," which is still to be seen 
in the State House — and in the 
yard, now called Independence 
Square, the Declaration was 
publicly read on July 8. 

This historical masterpiece was drafted by Thomas Jefferson in his 
lodgings at the southwest corner of Seventh and High (now Market) 
Streets; the house stood until 1883. Much of the activity of the War 
centered around Philadelphia. "The capital of the infant nation, the great 
depot of supplies for the army, the theatre of important movements and 
events, she played an imposing role in the great drama of the Revolution." 
With the successful conclusion of the struggle came the first steps in build- 
ing the new nation. Here, too, Philadelphia was the centre of interest. 

IN the summer of 1787 came the framing of the Federal Constitution in 
the State House. In May, General Washington was elected President 
by the delegates representing twelve States. Efforts were made to 
induce the new government to make Philadelphia its capital. Congress, 
meeting in New York in July, 1790, designated the District of Columbia 
as the permanent capital, but provided that for ten years the seat of 
government should be Philadelphia; and Congress and the executive 
officers of the government took quarters there the following winter. The 
residences and offices of President Washington and his associates were 
nearly all located between High (Market) and Spruce, and Front and 
Eighth. Later a permanent residence was built for the President. 

With the establishment of the Federal Government in the Quaker City, 
the story of Old Philadelphia may be said to close. 

11 



Congress Hall, at Sixth and Chestnut 
Streets, built in 1790, and occupied by 
the National Congress until 1800. 
Here both Washington and John 
Adams were inaugurated. On October 
25, 1913, restored, and re-dedicated by 
President Woodrow Wilson. 




12 



MODERN PHILADELPHIA 



EVERYBODY who has ever lived in Philadelphia for any time 
comes to realize that the city has a distinctive character of her 
own. True, it is not now so pervasively apparent as it was 
even a few decades ago, for old landmarks are going, and char- 
acteristic streets are gradually assuming a changed and modern air. This 
is not entirely to be regretted, for modern urban architecture is adding 
many buildings of which the city may well be proud. Moreover, what is 
really good, or historically interesting, will always be carefully preserved. 
This city was planned and built by the Friends, or Quakers as they 
are often called, and their temperament is reflected in the very topography 
and architecture of those streets which now remain most like those of 
William Penn's day — straight, regular, sober, prim and uniform. Long 
rows of red brick fronts, each one relieved by white marble steps and 
coping; each with its long, high parlor, dim hall, and staircase leading to 
the half-story above the back of the house — this is the way Chestnut and 
Walnut, Spruce and Pine Streets used to look. Chestnut and Walnut 
Streets are now built up with shops and office buildings well out toward 
the Schuylkill ; the other streets keep a good deal of the old aspect — the 
comfortable, prosperous, homelike look which gave Philadelphia the name 
of the City of Homes. 

GERMANTOWN and Chestnut Hill, now parts of the city, were 
once outlying villages, settled mainly by Germans, and in many 
places there are still charming reminiscences of the older life. 
Some of the finest Colonial doorways in the country grace old houses 
there; and its quiet, dignified and beautiful ancestral homes form one of 
the chief attractions of Chestnut Hill. The other suburban places near 
Philadelphia — north along the Reading Railroad and the Pennsylvania 
line to New York, west along the Pennsylvania "Main Line," and south 
toward Wilmington — are probably the most beautiful suburbs in America, 
abounding in large and magnificent country estates. The city is the social 
and business centre for all of these, the excellent train service making it 
possible for the business man to come in to town daily. 

Philadelphia has a strong claim to the love and loyalty of the people 
who live here, and to the admiration of all who come to visit. It lies 
not alone in her historical prestige; for her contributions to the life of 
the nation did not end with the events told in the first part of this book. 
Ever since the founding of the city, great men and women, and great 
works, have called Philadelphia their home. 

13 




PHILADELPHIA CITY BUILDINGS 

City Hall occupies Pcnn Square at the intersection of Broad and Market Streets. As 
its tower is 550 feet high, it is one of the tallest public buildings in the world. 
Around the head of the statue of William Pcnn, surmounting the tower, is a circle 
of lights which are visible over thirty miles at night and which are extinguished 
every night at exactly three minutes before p, and lighted again at 9 so that 
people at a distance may set their clocks. 



14 



IN letters we associate with this city the names of Dr. S. Weir Mitchell, 
Agnes Repplier, Owen Wister, Horace Howard Furness, John Luther 
Long and Rebecca Harding Davis — to go no further back than 
the last few decades. Among notable artists who belong to Philadelphia, 
there are Violet Oakley, Elizabeth Shippen Green, Jessie Willcox Smith, 
Cecilia Beaux, Alice Barber Stephens, Joseph Penned, Thomas Anshutz, 
Hugh Brecken ridge, Mary Cassatt, the sculptor Charles Grafly, and many 
others whose genius, joined with their training at the Pennsylvania 
Academy of the Fine Arts, has won them national fame. The world of 
music has had many well-known Philadelphia representatives. Physicians 
all over the land know how much this city has contributed to the annals 
of medicine, surgery, medical schools, and hospitals for the sick and the 
insane. In finance, the house of Drexel is the oldest great banking house 
in the country. The world of retail trade recognizes that in Philadelphia 
there is the largest and finest mercantile establishment in the world — the 
Wanamaker Store. Some of the most notable names connected with great 
railroad interests have been Philadelphians at the head of the Pennsyl- 
vania Railroad. The educational institutions of the city, especially the 
technical, industrial and art schools, have been famous for generations. 
Industrially, Philadelphia is the first city in America. Indeed, there is 
scarcely a department of human progress in which Philadelphia has not 
taken a foremost or a distinguished place. 

It would require a much larger book than this to direct the visitor to all 
the attractions in the city which might interest him. Here only a part 
of them can be described, and the routes suggested by which they may 
be reached. 

THE regular plan of the city streets makes the visitor's task easy. He 
who gets lost in Boston or New York has little trouble here, al- 
though the city is twenty-two miles long and nearly six miles wide. 
With but little variation, Philadelphia is laid out like a huge chess-board 
between the Delaware River on the east and the Schuylkill on the west, 
the streets that run across the town between the rivers being named, and 
those that run north and south being numbered. First or Front Street is 
nearest the Delaware, Twenty-third is at the Schuylkill, and the numbered 
streets continue over in West Philadelphia as far out as the seventies. 
The fourteenth is called Broad Street, and is the main axis north and 
south. Market Street runs across the numbered streets and is popularly 
thought of as the middle line of the city. 

I louses are numbered north and south from Market, and westward from 
Front Street, every new block beginning a new hundred; the odd numbers 
are on the north side. Tims 307 Walnut Street is between Third and 
Fourth on Walnut, north side; 2100 Pine is the southwest corner of 
Pine and Twenty-first Streets. The numbers north and south of Market 
on the numbered streets are not so easy to locate until one knows where 

15 




THE UNITED STATES MINT 

at Seventeenth and Spring Garden Streets, is a most interesting place to visit. It 
is a comparatively new building, with three times the capacity of the one it 
superseded, which stood on Chestnut Street between Juniper and Broad. The 
present structure cost nearly tzvo and a half millions. Visitors are admitted daily 
except Sunday, from 9 to 3, and are taken over the building by guides who 
explain the interesting processes of coining money. 



the named streets come and new hundreds begin. The list of prin- 
cipal streets given on page 42 will aid the stranger. Square-lengths are 
about the same in either direction — ten squares across, or eight up and 
down, being a mile. The trolley lines were rerouted not long ago, with 
a view to improving the service in both city and suburbs. With few 
exceptions, the cars run in only one direction on each street. Most of 
the suburbs can be reached by trolley. Fuller information about out-of- 
town trips will be found on pages 40 and 41 of this Guide. 

The three railroad stations at which strangers may arrive are Broad 
Street Station (the Pennsylvania Railroad Terminal), the Reading 
Terminal Station, and the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Station. The first 
two are in the centre of the city; the third is only a few blocks from it 
and is passed by several of the principal trolley lines. The centre of the 
city, where Broad and Market Streets intersect, was formerly called Center 
Square, and when Philadelphia was a small town a mile east on the bank 
of the Delaware River it was country; and then later it was a hitching- 
place for farmers' horses. The town moved westward slowly. In 1876 
one young Philadelphia merchant realized that the centre of the city 
would not long stay near the Delaware, and he bought the ground at the 
corner of Market and Thirteenth, then occupied by the freight station 
of the Pennsylvania Railroad, and put his store there. And now the 

16 



Wanamaker Store (shown on page 25) is in the very heart of the city, 
and the square, now called Penn Square, is occupied by the City Buildings 
(shown on page 14). 

Grouped in the neighborhood of City Hall are some of the most note- 
worthy of Philadelphia structures : 
Broad Street Station, corner of Penn Square and West Market Street. 
Masonic Temple, corner of Broad and Filbert. 

Real Estate Trust Company, southeast corner of Broad and Chestnut. 
Land Title and Trust Company, southwest corner of Broad and Chestnut. 
Girard Trust Company, northwest corner of Broad and Chestnut. 
North American Building, corner of Broad and Sansotn. 
Widener Building, Chestnut at Juniper. 
Hotel Adelphia, Chestnut, near Thirteenth. 
Wanamaker Store, between Market and Chestnut, Thirteenth and Juniper. 

Farther down Broad Street are many other interesting buildings of 
which descriptions and photographs are given in the following pages. 




Girard Trust Company, at the northwest corner of Broad and Chestnut Streets, 
of the most beautiful and harmonious pieces of architecture in the city. 

17 



One 



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BELLEVUE- 

STRATFORD 

HOTEL 

Another famous hotel, 
one of the largest in 
the world. Its ornate 
ball room is thescene 
of some of the most 
costly and gay balls 
of the society season, 
and it has entertained 
many celebrated 
visitors. The roof 
garden is an unusu- 
ally attractive spot. 



RITZ-CARLTON 
HOTEL 

At the corner of Broad and 
Walnut Streets. This is 
one of Philadelphia's fin- 
est hotels, and is unsur- 
passed in the beauty of its 
design and finish. The 
general treatment is in the 
style of the Adam period. 
The Palm Room and the 
various dining rooms are 
harmonious and admirable 
examples of artistic interior 
decoration. 




18 



HOTELS AND RESTAURANTS 

THE stranger's first — and very practical — concern is where to sleep 
and where to eat. This is traditionally a city of homes, but there 
is no lack of excellent hotels and comfortable boarding places near 
the centre of town. Below is pictured the new Adclphia (next to the 
Wanamaker Store, on Chestnut Street). On the opposite page are shown 
the Bellevue-Stratford and the Ritz-Carlton. Besides these there are the 
Hotel Walton (corner of Broad and Locust), the Stenton just below it, 
the St. James (corner of Thirteenth and Walnut), the Continental (corner 
of Chestnut and Ninth), Green's (Chestnut and Eighth), the rendu/ 
(Thirteenth and Filbert), the Windsor (1217 Filbert), the Rittenhoit.se 
(Chestnut and Twenty-second), the Colonnade (corner of Chestnut and 
Fifteenth) and the Bingham (Market and Eleventh). The last three offer 
both the American and the European plans ; the others are on the Euro- 
pean plan. 

Those who are about the city during the day should take advantage of 
the delightful and convenient lunching places in the Wanamaker Store: 
Great Crystal Tea Room on the Eighth Floor serves break- 
fast, luncheon and afternoon tea, a la carte. 

Wanamaker Dairy, The Gallery. A la carte and table d'hote. 
Wanamaker Soda Fountain Lunch, in the Down Stairs Store. 

Many will enjoy going — in the 
Summer time — to the various roof 
gardens. The most attractive 
places are the Adelphia (Chestnut 
and Thirteenth), the Continental 
Roof Garden (Ninth and Chest- 
nut), the Bingham Hotel 
( Fleventh and Market), and the 
Bellevue-Stratford Roof Garden, 
which is open all the year. 



HOTEL ADELPHIA 



The Young Men's Christian As- 
sociation, on Arch Street, just 
above Broad, is one of the most 
notable of its kind in the country, 
and offers many advantages to 
young men coming to the city to 
visit or to live permanently. The 
Young Women's Christian Asso- 
ciation, on Arch Street, at Eight- 
eenth, is similarly central, well 
managed and helpful to women 
and girls traveling or living in 
this city. 

On the right is shown the im- 
posing "Adelphia," which Phila- 
delphians regard as one of their 
two or three most beautiful hotels 
— opened not long ago and rather 
remarkable in the perfection of its 
service and furnishings. 




EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS 




Philadelphia Central High School, at Broad and Green Streets. 

IN the notable excellence of her educational institutions, both private 
and public, Philadelphia has scarcely a rival among American cities. 
There are 313 public schools, among them some large and fine high 
schools, with annexes, for girls, for boys, and manual training for 
boys; in some of these the standards are so high and the courses so 
extensive that academic degrees are granted. Of collegiate institutions in 
or near Philadelphia the best known are the University of Pennsylvania, 
Swarthmore College, Bryn Mawr College, Haverford College and Villa 
Nova Among the famous special schools are Jefferson Medical College 
and Hahnemann Medical College ; and there are other technical, industrial, 
theological and commercial schools, too numerous to mention. 

The University of Pennsylvania, lying beyond Thirty-fourth and Walnut 
Streets in West" Philadelphia, is an object of great pride to all Plnladel- 
phians, and of the most intense loyalty from its graduates. These "umber 
over 35,000— a record exceeded only by Harvard. It was founded in 1/40 
by a group of men of whom Franklin was leader, and the plans were char- 
acterized by a remarkable liberality in breaking away from traditions of 
classical education toward modern languages and practical, non-sectarian 
instruction It has grown wonderfully, and now stands among the first 
American colleges. Its departmental schools— of medicine, dentistry, 
engineering, finance, law and science— occupy several of the seventy-one 
University buildings; and its dormitories are unusually beautiful. 

20 



-*3WMg«WEH— *^% »« l' t W P ' W ! I PWL,. ** - 




Girard College, Ridge and Girard Avenues; a remarkable institution founded by the 

will of a wealthy Philadelphia citizen, Stephen Girard, in 1831, for the support 

and education of poor orphan boys. This is the original and central building. 

There are several others. Open to visitors daily except Sunday. 




Quadrangle of the University of Pennsylvania Dormitories. Of such beautiful resi- 
dence buildings as these the University has thirty. 

21 



DREXEL Institute, at the corner of Thirty-second and Chestnut 
Streets, deserves mention as a technical and industrial school of 
national fame. Founded by Philadelphia's noted banker, Anthony 
J. Drexel, with the advice of George W. Childs, an equally illustrious 
citizen, it has trained many young men and women to professional or 
practical usefulness. It gives undergraduate instruction to men and 
women of college grade in three schools: the Engineering School, the 
School of Domestic Science and Arts, and the Secretarial School. The 
courses in the day school are made up of a senior college course of 
tour years and a junior college course of two years; there are also 
evening and extension courses. It offers frequent free lectures, concerts 
and organ recitals. 

LIBRARIES IN PHILADELPHIA 

Philadelphia Free Library, Thirteenth and Locust Streets — a large, 
complete public library, circulating, with many branches. 

Philadelphia Library, corner of Locust and Juniper Streets — a sub- 
scription library, its use open to anyone on payment of a fee. Contains 
a very fine historical collection, and many rare and curious books. 

Mercantile Library, 18 South Tenth Street — one of the best known 
libraries in the United States. The association contains about 3,000 
members, who are entitled to take out books ; the reading rooms are free 
to the public. 

Apprentices' Library, Broad and Brandywine, opposite the Central High 
School. A very old library, free to the public. 






H1BBI 




The "Union League," Philadelphia's most distinguished social and political club. 
Building on Broad Street and New Building on Fifteenth Street. 

22 



Old 



THE WANAMAKER STORE 

IF the judgment of many critics is to be trusted, it is safe to say that 
no single building has added so much to the fame of Modern Phila- 
delphia as the great Wanamaker House of Business, in the centre 
of the city, hounded by City Hall Square, Market Street, Thirteenth 
Street, Chestnut and Juniper Streets. Considered commercially, it is 
the greatest retail store in the world, in point of its actual bulk of annual 
business as well as in the unapproachable quality of its merchandise and 
service and the character of its patronage. Architecturally and artis- 
tically, it has won the admiration not only of all Philadelphians, but of 
visitors from all over the world. And by business men throughout the 
country, its founder is regarded as the foremost American merchant. 

The Wanamaker business dates back more than fifty years, and had 
its beginnings at the corner of Sixth and Market Streets, where once stood 
the Robert Morris house shown on page 10. "Oak Hall" was the name 
of the little clothing store which occupied that site in 1861, and there 
John Wanamaker started business life with a set of principles which no 
one then had ever heard of — almost every one then scoffed at — and all 
the world accepts now as matters of course in retail trade. 

One price, fixed, plainly marked, and not to be changed by 
argument or friendship ; only trustworthy goods, labeled 
truthfully; to sell as "wool" only what is genuinely all-wool, 
and to mark mixtures as such; to label "seconds" honestly, 
even if the people cannot tell the difference: unsatisfactory 
purchases taken back without question and money refunded; 
welcoming people to the Store without soliciting purchases ; 
and new, fair and agreeable relations established between 
merchant and customer, with confidence and satisfaction on 
both sides. 

VIVIDLY interesting is the story of the evolution of that great 
business during the following fifty years. When its growth 
demanded larger quarters it was moved up to its present site, the 
corner of Market and Thirteenth Streets, where Philadelphia's first High 
School had once stood. The ground was at that time occupied by the 
Pennsylvania Railroad Freight Station. (See pages 24 and 25.) 

The "Grand Depot," as the new store was called, was a notable build- 
ing in its day, but in time proved too small for the mercantile activity that 
developed within it. In a few years the Store had pushed through to 
Chestnut Street and by 1883 occupied the whole block from Market to 
Chestnut, between Thirteenth and Juniper Streets. And by the early 
nineties it was evident that another and larger building must supplant the 
Grand Depot. 

On February 22, 1902, the first spadeful of earth was turned for the 
foundations of the present Wanamaker Store— the largest and most 
beautiful building in the world devoted to retail merchandising. During 
the ten years required to build, business went on without interruption, one 
section of the new structure being erected at a time, until the whole was 
completed and occupied by the end of 1911— the Golden Jubilee Year of 

the Wanamaker Stores. ,_ mM . m ^„„ o „.. 

(Continued on page 26) 

23 




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SOME STEPS IN THE GROWTH OF 
A GREAT RETAIL MERCANTILE 
ESTABLISHMENT ARE SHOWN IN 
THESE PICTURES. THE POTENT 
AND HONORABLE IDEAS AND 
IDEALS BORN IN OAK HALL 
MANY YEARS AGO, DEVELOPED 
IN PIONEER WAYS DURING THE 
LIFE OF THE -GRAND DEPOT.' - 
HAVE COME TO FULL FRUITION 
IN THE GREAT STORE DEDI- 
CATED IN 1911 BY THE PRESI- 
DENT OF THE UNITED STATES 



OAK HALL 
SIXTH AND MARKET STREETS. 1861 




THE GRAND DEPOT 

THIRTEENTH AND MARKET STREETS 

DEVELOPED FROM THE OLD FREIGHT STATION FIRST UTILIZED BY THE BUSINESS 

IN 1876 



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THE PRESENT WANAMAKER STORE 

THIRTEENTH. MARKET. JUNIPER AND CHESTNUT STREETS 

COMPLETED IN THE FIFTIETH YEAR OF THE BUSI N ESS. t91 1 



One of the most notable events in the history of American retail mer- 
chandising was the dedication of the new Wanamaker Store at the close 
of its Jubilee Year by the President of the United States, William Howard 
Taft. The scene of the brilliant ceremonies was the Grand Court — illus- 
trated opposite. More than thirty-five thousand invited guests thronged 
Court and galleries ; on a platform erected on the west side of the Court 
were seated the special guests and speakers, including eminent Federal, 
State and city officials, foreign ambassadors, representatives of the Army 
and the Navy, well-known bankers, merchants and professional men, and 
others distinguished in various capacities. Mayor Blankenburg presided, 
and Governor Tener introduced the President, who made the dedicatory 
address. The Wanamaker Chorus of five hundred voices sang two odes 
whose words and music were written especially for the dedication ; the 
Grand Organ and the various Wanamaker musical organizations — bands 
and orchestra — furnished other music. 

The south end of the Court contains a gallery, above which is the 
organ loft ; the gallery itself is for the use of the Military Band of the 
Store, and accommodates one hundred musicians. The Grand Organ — 
largest in the world — is played daily for the pleasure of the hundreds of 
shoppers and visitors. (9.15 and 11 a. m., and 4.50 or 5.15 p. m.) 

THE INNER LIFE OF THE STORE 

ONE of the ideals of the Wanamaker business has always been the 
training of its employes to greater usefulness and self-develop- 
ment, and the organizations accomplishing this are interesting. 
Two schools, lower and higher — 

The John Wanamaker Commercial Institute, and 
The American University of Trade and Applied Commerce — 
give the employe a good education in common branches and business 
courses, with some technical or occupational training, gymnastic work, 
military drill, and instrumental and vocal music. The younger boys and 
the girls attend school for several hours each day, and there are also 
evening classes for those older. 

All this training is practically free, the occasional expense for books 
and items for personal use being small, and no pay being lost for the 
time spent in school. Many boys and girls grow up in the business, 
getting their whole higher education while they are earning. Social clubs 
and entertainments add a healthy note of recreation, and matters of 
health and hygiene are carefully watched by a competent medical staff, 
whose services are free. 

Interest in music is fostered by singing classes, a military band and 
a choral society. The military organization of the boys has six companies, 
forming the "First Regiment, J. W. C. I.," and drilled according to United 
States Army regulations. Athletic activity among the girls consists chiefly 
of basket-ball and tennis matches. The Store athletic association — the 
Meadowbrook Club — has a running track and game courts on the roof 
of the Store, with shower baths. 

26 




The Grand Court in the Wanamaker Store, Philadelphia, showing the 
Beautiful Facade of the Organ at the South End. 



27 



PHILADELPHIA 
CHURCHES 

PHILADELPHIA 
has more than 
seven hundred 
churches, repre- 

senting over forty denomi- 
nations and societies. Many 
of these are well worth 
visiting. 

HISTORIC CHURCHES 

Old Swedes' (see page 9). 
Christ Church (see page 8). 
St. Peter's, at Third and 

Pine Streets. 
St. Paul's, Third Street 

below Walnut. 

MODERN CHURCHES 

Roman Catholic — The 
Cathedral of St. Peter 
and St. Paid, Logan 
Square. 
St. John the Evangelist, 
Thirteenth below Mar- 
ket Street. 
Baptist — First, Seventeenth 
below Chestnut Street. 
Fifth, Eighteenth and 

Spring Garden Streets. 
Chestnut Street, Fortieth 
and Chestnut Streets. 
Church of the Holy Trinity, Rittenhouse Temple, Broad and Berks 

Square, corner of Nineteenth and Walnut. Streets. 

Presbyterian — First, Seventh and Locust Streets. The first organized in 
Pennsylvania (1698). 
Second, Twenty-first and Walnut Streets, a famous church, the organi- 
zation dating from 1743. Unusually fine music. 
Bethany, Twenty-second and Bainbridge Streets. One of the largest 
Protestant churches in the city, seating 2000 worshipers. Its Sun- 
day School is generally considered the largest in the world, with 
John Wanamaker as its Superintendent. 
West Arch, Eighteenth and Arch Streets. 
Calvary, Locust near Fifteenth Street. 
Oxford, Broad and Oxford Streets. 
Methodist Episcopal— Arch Street, Broad and Arch Streets. 
Grace, Broad and Master Streets. 

Spring Garden, Twentieth and Spring Garden Streets. 
Lutheran — Holy Communion, Chestnut above Twenty-first Street. 
Protestant^ Episcopal— Holy Trinity, Rittenhouse Square. 
St. James's, Twenty-second and Walnut Streets. 
St. Mark's, Locust below Sixteenth Street. 
St. Clement's, Twentieth and Cherry Streets. 
St. Luke's, Thirteenth below Spruce Street. 
St. Stephen's, Tenth below Market Street. 

28 




INDUSTRIAL 
PHILADELPHIA 

HOW many persons 
realize the pro- 
portion of fa- 
miliar things in 
daily use all over the coun- 
try that were made in Phil- 
a d e 1 p h i a ? Manufactures 
here began soon after the 
arrival of the first settlers, 
in 1683. The earliest indus- 
tries were the weaving of 
linen, paper and woolen 
goods, and the manufac- 
ture of hosiery; and the 
present prominence of the 
city as a manufacturing 
centre is due largely to the 
intelligence and persever- 
ance of its early settlers 
and those who followed 
them. The great variety of 
its industries is noteworthy, 
and in its manufactured 
products Philadelphia is far 




New 



Building of the Manufacturers' 
at Broad and Walnut Streets. 



Club 



ahead of any other city in the land. In 1909 the value of its manufacturing 
output was greater than that of any State outside of the largest six. 

IN value of products Philadelphia holds first place in hosiery and knit 
goods, rugs and carpets (other than rag), hats (fur felt), locomo- 
tives, dyeing and finishing textiles, street ears, oil-cloth and linoleum, 
saws, and sporting and athletic goods. 

And second place in women's clothing, millinery and laces, paper goods, 
woolen goods, felt (/oods, wool hats, leather and sugar-refining. 

This is the largest textile manufacturing city in the world. It has the 
largest lace factory, and some of the largest carpet factories. One carpet, 
made here about 1791, led Alexander Hamilton to place a tariff on all 
imported carpets, and this was the beginning of our tariff for protection. 
The Baldwin Locomotive Works at Broad and Spring Garden Streets, 
the oldest and largest of its kind, turned out the first successful locomotive, 
Old Ironsides, in 1832. It produces 8 locomotives a day and employs 
19,000 men. Since 1710 this city has led in ship-building. Cramps' Ship- 
yard in Kensington employs 5,000 men and has produced about 430 vessels. 

29 




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77i£ CJitV/ 0/ ffce Commercial Museum Buildings, on 34th below Spruce Street. 

MUSEUMS THAT ARE WORTH SEEING 

Commercial Museum. — This was founded by the city in 1894 and is 
one of the most interesting places that the visitor can see. Its object 
is to increase the interest in and knowledge of the raw materials and 
finished products of other lands and thereby foster foreign trade in both 
imports and exports. The nucleus of the permanent collection came 
from the World's Fair in Chicago, and valuable exhibits have since then 
been added from the other great expositions and contributed by foreign 
governments. There are hundreds of cases filled with picturesque and 
instructive examples of the manufactures, utensils, weapons, etc., of every 
country in the world. Departments of the work include the Foreign Trade 
Bureau, Translation Department, and many other helpful activities. It 
sends to the schools photographs, maps, special exhibits and other material, 
and school children come regularly to its illustrated lectures. 

The buildings may be reached from the center of the city by trolley 
in the Subway, routes Nos. 11 and 37 ; and on Walnut Street, routes Nos. 
13 and 42, stop at Thirty-fourth Street and walk south about two squares. 
Open daily from 9 to 5, Sundays from 1 to 5 ; admission free. Public 
lectures on Saturday afternoons. 

Academy of Natural Sciences. — An important institution for research 
in natural history, with a fine collection of mounted specimens, and fre- 
quent public lectures. At Nineteenth and Race Streets; open from 9 to 5, 
Sundays from 1 to 5. 

Museum of Science and Art of the University of Pennsylvania. Beau- 
tiful buildings, housing a priceless collection of ancient and modern 
objects. Open daily, 10 to 5 ; Sundays from 2 to 6. At Thirty-third and 
Spruce Streets, near the buildings of the University. 

Historical Society of Pennsylvania. — A fine collection of books, 
paintings and original documents. Thirteenth and Locust Streets. Open daily. 

30 



PHILADELPHIA'S ART GALLERIES 

MANY of the best works of art in Philadelphia are in private 
collections, but there are two public galleries of note. In Fair- 
mount Park (see page 38) is Memorial Hall, the home of the 
art collections of the Pennsylvania Museum and School oi 
Industrial Art. Open Sundays, 1 to 4 ; Mondays, 12 to 4; other days, 
9.30 to 4; in Summer open till 5. These art collections include the famous 
Wilstach paintings and examples of industrial art from all over the world. 
The Industrial Art School connected with it is at Broad and Pine. 

At Broad and Cherry is the Academy of the Fine Arts, founded in 1805. 
In addition to a large collection of art treasures, it boasts a school which 
is considered the best in America. Here have studied such well-known 
artists as Redfield, Abbey, Maxfield Parrish, Kenyon Cox, Colin Campbell 
Cooper, Joseph Penned, Robert Henri, A. B. Frost, Cecilia Beaux, Mary 
( iassatt, Florence Scovel Shinn, Violet Oakley and Jessie Willcox Smith. 
There are several special exhibits during the season — miniatures, water 
colors, and students' work, and, usually beginning in February, a fine 
general exhibit. Open to the public daily from 9 to 5 ; Sundays. 1 to 5. 
Admission is free at all times, except during the Annual Exhibitions of Oil 
and Sculpture, and of Water Colors ; at these times, Sundays and Fridays 
are free, and on other days a small fee is charged. 




Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts, at Broad and Cherry Streets. 

31 




32 



OPPORTUNITIES FOR THE LOVER OF MUSIC 

SCARCELY a month in the year goes by in Philadelphia without 
a number of musical events that every music-lover should hear. 
The old Academy of Music, at Broad and Locust, was for years 
used for the Metropolitan Opera season, until the building of 
the magnificent opera house at Broad and Poplar. The Academy is 
beloved of all Philadelphians, partly because of its associations, partly 
because it has such incomparable acoustics. Here during the "season" 
the fine Philadelphia Orchestra has its concerts on Friday afternoon and 
Saturday evening of each week ; here celebrated pianists and singers give 
their concerts ; here eminent lecturers come with their popular courses ; 
and here the singing societies of the city are heard several times a year. 

Of pre-eminent interest, both artistically and musically, is the Metro- 
politan Opera House. Its great auditorium and foyer are nowhere 
surpassed in beauty and splendor ; and the greatest opera singers of the 
world, in a long series of grand operas each winter, give pleasure to an 
audience whose wealth and social brilliance are famous. 

Like the concerts and lectures at the Academy are those in Witherspoon 
Hall (Walnut and Juniper), but on a smaller scale; here the University 
Extension lectures are given, and small recitals and chamber concerts. 

Other small auditoriums which offer attractive music are Egyptian Hall 
and Greek Hall, on the second floor of the Wanamaker Store; there are 
frequent concerts here, free to the public, -and announced always on the 
Wanamaker advertising pages for the day. 




Academy of Music, the Home of the Philadelphia Orchestra. 

33 



PHILADELPHIA THEATRES AND OTHER 
PLACES OF AMUSEMENT 



PHILADELPHIA is a particularly good place to go to the 
theatre in, so most Philadelphians think. There is not that 
endless array of names in the theatrical advertisements which 
fairly bewilders a stranger in New York; but there are plenty 
of excellent theatres in the centre of town, easily accessible, and offering 
a varied range of the best plays of each season, as well as attractive vaude- 
ville programs. Seats cost from 25 cents to $2, aoid there is no "sidewalk 
speculating" to raise prices for the unwary. 

The municipal laws governing the safety of audiences in these places 
of amusement are very stringent. All the houses have asbestos curtains, 
many fire escapes, and abundant fire-extinguishing apparatus. The new 
theatres are built as nearly fireproof as possible, and, in case of a fire, every 
theatre has so many exits that there is probably not one which could 
not be emptied inside of five minutes. 

The best of the theatres and places of amusement are: 

Academy of Music, Broad and Locust Streets. (See page 33.) 

Adelphi Theatre, Broad and Cherry Streets. 

Broad Street Theatre, 225 South Broad Street, below Locust. 

Forrest Theatre, Broad and Sansom Streets. 

Garrick Theatre, 1330 Chestnut Street. 

Horticultural Hall, Broad Street below Locust, next to the Academy 

of Music. Concerts, lectures, fairs and flower-shows. 
Lyric Theatre, Broad and Cherry Streets. 

Metropolitan Opera House, Broad and Poplar Streets. (See page 32.) 
Walnut Street Theatre, Ninth and Walnut Streets. 

VAUDEVILLE THEATRES 

Keith's, Chestnut Street between Eleventh and Twelfth Streets. 
Empire Theatre, Broad Street and Fairmount Avenue. 
William Penn Theatre, Fairmount and Lancaster Avenues. 
Nixon, Fifty-second Street below Market. 
Palace, 1212 Market Street. 

OTHER PLACES OF AMUSEMENT 

Willow Grove Park, open during the summer, Philadelphia's most 

attractive and best managed pleasure resort. (See page 39.) 
Woodside Park, in Fairmount Park. (See page 38.) 

34 



Franklin Field, the University of 
Pennsylvania athletic grounds, 
at Thirty-third and Spruce 
Streets, in West Philadelphia. 
Here on Saturday afternoons 
in the spring there are inter- 
collegiate baseball games, 
which are well worth seeing. 
Inter-collegiate football con- 
tinues in the fall until late 
November, the long series of 
games between "Penn" and 
other colleges ending with 
the famous Army-Navy game 
after Thanksgiving. Reached 
by Walnut Street cars. 

Shibe Park, Twenty-first Street 
and Lehigh Avenue. American 
League baseball. The home 
of the Philadelphia 'Ath- 
letics," and one of the three 
or four largest ball grounds 
in the country. It seats 23,000 
people. Games from April 
until October. Reached by 
many of the north-bound 
trolley cars running from the 
centre of the city. 

National League Ball Park, Fif- 
teenth and Huntingdon 
Streets. Games by the "Phila- 
delphia" team throughout the 
baseball season. Reached by 
either the Thirteenth or the 
Sixteenth Street cars. 

Horse Shows, in the fall, at Devon 
(45 minutes out) and Bryn 
M;i\\r (30 minutes) on the 
"Main Line" of the Pennsj 1 
vania Railroad, and at St. 
Martin's, Chestnut Hill (35 
minutes on the Pennsylvania 
Railroad). At these shows 
may be seen some of the finest 
horses in the country, the 
best riding and driving events, 
and many well-known mem- 
bers of Philadelphia "society." 

Point Breeze Park, at the south- 
ern tip >>r the city, reached by 
the Fifteenth Street cars. A 
pleasure park open to the 
public during the summer. 
Motorcycle races and other 
amusement - 




35 



MASONIC TEMPLE 

Northeast Corner of Broad and Filbert Streets 




The Masonic Temple is of pure Norman architecture. It rises 95 feet from the 
pavement, and the massive granite tower, 250 feet high, finishes an imposing 
facade. The building is magnificently furnished, and is a fine example of the 
progresswe spirit of this great order. 



36 







An interesting "telephotographic" view of the City, taken from Belmont in Fairmount 
Park — City Hall and the Wanamaker Store in the distance. 



PARKS AND PLEASURE GROUNDS 



PHILADELPHIA has, within its limits and quite near the centre 
of the city, one of the largest and most wonderful parks in the 
world, used constantly by the people and kept up perfectly. Fair- 
mount Park may be reached by numerous car routes ; and the Park trol- 
ley line, starting from the Dauphin Street entrance, travels nearly ten 
miles within Park bounds. 

In its several divisions — the Old Park, East Park, West Park and the 
Wissahickon — Fairmount extends along both sides of the Schuylkill River 
as far as the Wissahickon, thence following this stream up through the 
Germantown and Chestnut Hill districts. It contains over 3,000 acres, 
and is undoubtedly the most beautiful pleasure ground in the world. 

Among the many interesting sights in the Old Park are the Washington 
Monument, erected by the Society of the Cincinnati ; the City Water 
Works on the site originally called "Faire Mount" ; the statue to Lincoln ; 
and Lemon Hill, where stands the country house of Robert Morris. 
The East Park is the romantic and picturesque part of the Park. On 
its eastern edge is Strawberry Hill, the terminus of several lines of cars. 
Strawberry Mansion is an old-fashioned country house overlooking the 
river. On its broad piazzas light refreshments are served, and there are 
public croquet and playgrounds. In Summer there are open-air concerts 
daily by a good band, as there are also at Lemon Hill below. 

37 




Walnut La 



gineering Feat. 



By taking the Park trolley the visitor reaches the West Park across the 
Schuylkill. At the northern end is Woodside Park, a popular amusement 
resort, and the southeast angle is occupied hy the Zoological Garden. 
This is a place well worth seeing, and has particular charm for children ; 
it is open daily from 9 a. m. until sunset. In the main portion of the West 
P'ark the Centennial Exposition was held in 1876. Some of the buildings 
remain, among them Memorial Hall (see page 31) and Horticultural Hall, 
containing a very fine conservatory. 




Washington Monument at the Green Street Entrance to Fairmount Park. 

38 



Wild and charming are the thickly wooded hills of Wissahickon Park, 
the farthest portion of the Fairmount Park grounds. A lovely road winds 
for miles beside the little Wissahickon — a favorite route of pedestrians — 
and there are several interesting spots to visit, with their due share of 
legends. 




He who explores the Wissahickon Valley will find many lovely spots like this. 

WILLOW GROVE. — Travelers who are here in Summer will wish to 
go out to Willow Grove Park, a favorite and well-managed pleasure resort. 
It may be reached by the Reading Railroad, the Route 55 cars on Eleventh 
Street, or (in Summer) the Route 24 cars on Sixteenth Street. There 
are places to dine, moving pictures, scenic railways, a lake with boats, 
and an open-air auditorium seating many thousands, where afternoon and 
evening concerts are given by Damrosch's and Victor Herbert's orchestras 
and Sousa's and other bands. 

39 



SHORT TRIPS OUT OF TOWN 

INTERESTING places in the neighborhood of Philadelphia may be 
reached by trains from Broad Street Station, Reading Terminal 
Station, and Camden, by trolley cars, electric trains, sight-seeing 
"autos," and boats. 

Pennsylvania Railroad trains from Broad Street Station cover most of 
the country west and southwest, touching the following points: German- 
town and Chestnut Hill; the towns along the "Main Line" to Pittsburgh; 
towns in the direction of Media, Swarthmore and West Chester; and Wil- 
mington, Baltimore and Washington. There is fine express service to 
New York, and to seaside resorts. The Pennsylvania and Reading trains 
go to Germantown and Chestnut Hill, and to Pottstown and Reading on 
the northwest; to a large group of suburbs directly north; to New York; 
and to seaside places. Baltimore and Ohio trains (station on Chestnut 
Street at Twenty-fourth Street) touch many points in Delaware. 

Of these places the visitor will wish to see some of the famous spots in 
Germantown and Chestnut Hill, reached by either the Pennsylvania or 
the Reading lines, or by the trolleys on Fifth, Seventh, Eleventh, Thir- 
teenth or Sixteenth Streets. Along the "Main Line," with its unexcelled 
train service, are many charming towns where may be seen the famous 
and beautiful homes of prominent Philadelphians, and also three well- 
known colleges — Haverford, Bryn Mawr and Villa Nova. The Media 
line extends southwest, taking in a series of pretty suburbs. Paralleling 
the Delaware River for several miles southward are the Pennsylvania and 
the Baltimore and Ohio railroads to Baltimore and Washington. 

On the Reading main line is the historic village of Valley Forge, about 
an hour from Philadelphia. The chief spots of interest here are within a 
five-hundred-acre reservation. Visitors will see: 

Washington Memorial Chapel Waterman Monument 

Monument to the Unknown Wayne Monument 

Dead Earthworks 

Cloister of the Colonies Camp School 

Washington's Headquarters View from Observatory on 
Valley Forge Museum Mt. Joy 

There are inns where meals are served, and good accommodations for 
those who come with automobiles. More interesting than the trip by 
train is the route taken. by the various sight-seeing automobiles that go 
to Valley Forge. These may be found at any hour of the day in front 
of Keith's Theatre (Chestnut Street above Eleventh), the Real Estate 
Trust Building (Broad and Chestnut Streets), the Little Hotel Wilmot 
(South Penn Square), and on Market Street at Ninth. The fare for 
out-of-town tours is usually $2 or $2.50; for the "Seeing Philadelphia" 
trip, $1. 

Towns on the Pennsylvania "Main Line" may be reached by the Penn- 
sylvania Railroad, and by the Philadelphia and Western electric trains, 
which start from the Sixty-ninth Street Station, reached by the Elevated. 

40 



Some trains turn at Villa Nova and go across to Norristown, and by the 
"Liberty Bell Train" one may go all the way to Allentown and thence 
by trolley to the Delaware Water Gap. 

Steamers from the Chestnut Street Wharf go up the Delaware to 
Bristol and Trenton, and down to Wilmington (Wilson Line). Many 
interesting places are passed. 



One of the most memorable points in the city for the visitor to go to 
is the Philadelphia Navy Yard, the largest in the United States. It is 
situated on League Island, below the city, at the junction of the Delaware 
and Schuylkill Rivers, and is reached by trolley car or sight-seeing 
automobile from the Little Hotel Wilmot. By automobile the visitor can 
drive inside the Yard. There are ten miles of driveway within the gates, 
and a complete sight-seeing trip includes a tour of the Yard, with its 
battleships, cruisers, gunboats, monitors and submarines; drydocks, ware- 
houses and monster cranes ; Delaware River front, wharves and docks and 
reserve basin ; officers' cottages, marine barracks, gun shops, and a visit 
to any warship that may be stationed at the Yard. 

SHORE AND MOUNTAIN RESORTS 

Perhaps no other city in the United States has so many notable pleasure 
resorts within easy reach as has Philadelphia. The famous New Jersey 
coast places are only an hour or two away, and both the Pennsylvania 
and the Reading systems provide frequent and quick service. A con- 
venient point of departure is Camden, a town directly across the Delaware 
River from Philadelphia, and reached by ferries at the foot of Market 
and Chestnut streets. From here the trains of both railroads, as well as 
electric trains, go to various shore resorts. 

Visitors will wish to see some of these places: 

Atlantic City Ocean City Ocean Grove 

Cape May Beach Haven Asbury Park 

Wildwood Seaside Park Long Branch 

Sea Isle City Spring Lake 

Of these Atlantic City is, of course, the most notable, the "Boardwalk" 
being — at the height of the Easter or the summer season — so crowded, 
fashionable and vivacious as to constitute a sight which few travelers 
care to miss. Among the celebrated hotels here are the Marlborough- 
Blenheim, the Traymore, the Chalfonte, the Dennis, Haddon Hall, and 
the Shelburne, with its famous French Grill. 

There are scores of shops of myriad varieties, theatres, amusement 
piers, orchestra concerts, and hosts of such features to keep the visitor 
entertained ; and the bathing is probably the finest in the world. 

The Pocono mountain region, a few hours from Philadelphia, is also well 
worth visiting, the following being the principal resorts : 

Delaware Water Gap Mauch Chunk 

Stroudsburg Pocono 

41 



STREETS NORTH AND SOUTH OF MARKET 

occur in the following order ; and house numbers on the streets running 
north and south go by hundreds as indicated : 



North of Market 

1 — Market, Filbert. 

100— Arch, Cherry. 

200— Race. 

300— Vine, Wood. 

400— Callowhill, Willow, Noble, 
Hamilton. 

500 — Buttonwood, Spring Garden. 

600— Green, Mt. Vernon, Wal- 
lace, Melon. 

700 — Fairmount Avenue, Olive. 

800 — Brown, Parrish, Ogden. 

900 — Poplar, Laurel, George. 
1200 — Girard Avenue, Stiles. 
1300 — Thompson, Seybert. 
1400 — Master, Sharswood. 
1500— Jefferson. 
1600— Oxford. 
1700 — Columbia Avenue. 
1800 — Montgomery Avenue. 
1900— Berks. 
2000— Norris. 
2100— Diamond. 
2200 — Susquehanna Avenue. 
2300— Dauphin. 
2400— York. 
2500 — Cumberland. 
2600 — Huntingdon. 
2700— Lehigh Avenue. 
2800— Somerset. 
2900— Cambria. 
3000— Indiana. 
3100— Clearfield. 
3200 — Allegheny Avenue. 
3300— Westmoreland. 
3400— Ontario. 
3500— Tioga. 
3600 — Venango. 
3700 — Erie Avenue. 



South of Market 

1 — Market, Ludlow. 
100 — Chestnut, Sansom, Dock. 
200— Walnut, Locust. 
300 — Spruce, De Lancey. 
400— Pine. 

500 — Lombard, Gaskill. 
600— South, Kater. 
700 — Bainbridge, Monroe, Fitz- 

water. 
800— Catharine. 
900— Christian. 
1000— Carpenter. 

1100 — Washington Avenue, Ells- 
worth. 
1200— Federal. 
1300— Wharton. 
1400— Reed. 

1500 — Dickinson, Greenwich. 
1600— Tasker. 
1700— Morris, Watkins. 
1800— Moore, Siegel. 
1900— Mifflin. 
2000— McKean. 
2100 — Snyder Avenue. 
2200— Jackson. 
2300— Wolf. 
2400— Ritner. 
2500— Porter. 
2600— Shunk. 
2700 — Oregon Avenue. 
2800— Johnston. 
2900— Bigler. 
3000— Pollock. 
3100— Packer. 
3200— Curtin. 
3300— Geary. 
3400— Hartranft. 
3500— Hoyt. 



42 



FOUR MILLION PEOPLE IN PHILADELPHIA 

IN 1950 

Indicated by Statistics Compiled by a Noted Authority 

The maps, statistical tables, facts and figures printed on this and the 
four pages following demonstrate the remarkable rate of growth in the 
population of Philadelphia in the past, and forecast its probable growth 
in the future. They have been compiled by Dr. Joseph Caccavajo, a con- 
sulting engineer of note, and recognized as a high authority on population 
and city statistics. 

SIGNIFICANT AND INTERESTING FACTS 

Philadelphia is now the third largest city in the United States and the 
ninth largest in the world. It was founded as a city by William Penn 
in 1683. 

Philadelphia today exceeds the combined population of seven states : 
Arizona, Delaware, Idaho, Montana. Nevada, New Mexico and Wyoming. 
The total area of these states is over 675,000 square miles. 

Philadelphia has an area of 129^ square miles, greater than the com- 
bined areas of Boston, Cleveland and Baltimore. 

The area within the city limits exceeds the combined areas of Albany, 
Bridgeport. Columbus, Camden, Hoboken, Jersey City, Paterson, Trenton, 
Lawrence, Lowell, Richmond, Savannah and Syracuse. 

Philadelphia is increasing in population at the rate of 30,000 a year, 
approximately 82 persons each 24 hours, or 575 each week. 

There is a birth every 12 minutes, a death every 20 minutes, and a 
marriage every 40 minutes, within the city limits. 

Philadelphia is one of the leading manufacturing cities of the world. 
With but one-sixtieth of the population, one-twenty-seventh of all the 
goods produced in the United States are made in Philadelphia. 

Philadelphia is pre-eminent in the production of textiles, carpets and 
rugs, hosiery and knit goods, locomotives, street railway cars, iron and 
steel ship building, felt hats, saws, upholstery goods, oilcloth and many 
other manufactured articles. 

The total value of manufactured goods was nearly $800,000,000 in 1909 
(U. S. census), and greatly exceeds these figures today. More than 
300,000 persons are employed in manufacturing plants. Salaries and wages 
approximate $170,000,000 per annum. Capital invested, $700,000,000. 

The 8379 Philadelphia establishments manufactured 211 of the 264 
articles covered by the census classifications, indicating the great diversity 
of the industrial activities of the city. 

43 



With but one-third of the population of New York City, Philadelphia 
has nearly half as many skilled wage-earners ; and with less than three- 
quarters of the population of Chicago, has nearly as many employed in 
manufacturing industries. 

Only six states, including Pennsylvania, have a greater number of 
skilled wage-earners, or manufacture products of greater value, than the 
city of Philadelphia. 

Philadelphia has almost as many manufacturing plants as the whole 
State of New Jersey, and the combined values of the manufactured 
products of seventeen states do not equal those of Philadelphia. 

With 30 miles of available water front, unexcelled rail and water trans- 
portation to all parts of the United States and the world, cheap fuel, 
unlimited supply of skilled labor, favorable housing for employes, excellent 
banking and financial facilities, and with nearly 30 per cent, of the popu- 
lation and 40 per cent, of the wealth of the entire country within 250 
miles of the city, Philadelphia offers exceptional advantages to manu- 
facturers, not only in the securing and handling of raw material, but also 
for the economical distribution of finished products. 

The city has planned extensions of its rapid transit facilities which will 
bring all parts of the city within a comparatively few minutes of the 
business and manufacturing centres. 

With all of its present industrial activity, Philadelphia is much less than 
50 per cent, developed. There is plenty of room within the city limits to 
meet the demands for many years, in spite of the fact that Philadelphia 
has some 400,000 buildings — more buildings than any city in the United 
States. 

New York City, in all of its five boroughs, has fewer than 150,000 one- 
family houses. Philadelphia has more than 350,000 dwellings. 

In New York 3,686,935 people live in apartment houses and tenements. 
In Philadelphia practically every family has a separate dwelling. 
Philadelphia can truthfully be called the "City of Homes." 

POPULATION OF PENNSYLVANIA 

1860 2,906,215 1890 5,258,113 

1870 3,521,951 1900 6,302,115 

1880 4,282,891 1910 7,665,111 

POPULATION OF COLONIAL PHILADELPHIA 

1683 500 1760 18,756 

1700 4,500 1769 28,042 

1753 14,563 1777 21,769 

44 



MAP 

CITY- PHILADELPHIA 




Wards 16.17.16,19,25,31,33.43.45 
Area 7.157 76 Acres. 



WaroS 20.21,22.28,29.32,37.38.42.47. 
Area 22092.8 Acres, 



Area 27.336 24 Acres. 



Wards 24.2 7. 34.40.44.46 
Area u 622 76 Acres 



Sectional Map of Philadelphia, for reference in connection with the 

Statistical Tables on the two pages following. Compare them 

with this map for an idea of the way Philadelphia grows. 



4.') 



Ml 


SECTION /A 

ORIGINAL WARDS /-=X 

i,a,3,4- 21 u 

PRESENT WARDS 
I.E. 3, 4,26, 30, 36, 39, 48. 


SECTIONp) 

ORIGINAL WARDS p~)\ 

PRESENT WARDS 
5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15. 


SECTION./f^ 

ORIGINAL WARDSvl j~ 
16.17, 18,19. ^^T^ 
PRESENT WARDS 
16,17, 18,19,25,31,33,43,45. 


i860 .910 

US C£~MJS 
<910 -1950 


POPULATION 


% 

MCREASE 


POP 
PER 
ACRE 


POPULATION 


% 

INCREASE 


POP 

PER 

ACRE 


POPUL-ATION 


% 

INCREASE 


POP. 

PER 

ACRE 


I860 


103,399 




1 1 


247, 512 




92 


102,600 




14 


18 70 


132,641 


30 


14 


241 ,850 


-2 


90 


13 0, 848 


8 


18 


1 8 80 


172,944 


30 


19 


229,330 


-5 


85 


178.914 


37 


25 


1 8 90 


218,506 


26 


23 


222,642 


-3 


82 


223,432 


25 


31 


19 00 


282,057 


30 


30 


208,628 


-6 


77 


268,849 


20 


38 


1910 


336,134 


19 


36 


202,557 


-3 


75 


307,712 


14 


43 


1 920 


403,000 


20 


44 


192,000 


-5 


71 


348,000 


13 


48 


1 930 


478,000 


18 


52 


173,000 


- 7 


64 


394,000 


13 


55 


1 940 


560,000 


17 


61 


161,000 


-7 


60 


441,000 


12 


62 


1 950 


650,0 


16 


70 


145,000 


-9 


53 


490.000 


11 


70 


YEAR 


SECTION Tpf\ 

ORIGINAL WARDS! I J J 

20, 21, 2z. Y^rrfJ 

PRESENT WARDS 
20,21 ,22,26,29,32,37,38,42,47. 




5ECTI0 

ORIGINAL WA 
24. 




SECTION' 

ORIGINAL WARD 
23. 


c 


T 


PRESENT WA 
23 ,35, 4-1 . 


RD 5 


PRESENT WARDS 
24 , 27, 34-, 4-0,44,4-6. 


I860-I9IO 
U S CENSUS 
1920 -I9SO 


POPULATION 


% 

INCREASE 


POP. 

PER 

ACRE 


POPULATION 


% 

INCREASE 


Pop 

PER 
ACRE 


POPULATION 


% 

INCREASE 


POP. 
PER 
ACRE 


I860 


64,295 




3 


23,985 






23.738 




2 


1870 


103,478 


61 


5 


20,888 


-13 




44,317 


87 


3 


18 80 


169,934 


64 


7 


26,644 


28 




69,404 


57 


5 


1 890 


247,908 


46 


II 


35,294 


32 




99,182 


43 


7 


1900 


339,564 


37 


15 


46,051 


30 




1 4 8,548 


50 


/I 


19 10 


396,420 


17 


17 


58,257 


26 


2 


247,928 


67 


19 


1920 


481,000 


21 


21 


1 10,000 


90 


4 


400,000 


60 


29 


1930 


592,000 


23 


27 


270,000 


150 


10 


540,000 


35 


40 


1940 


740,000 


25 


32 


543,000 


100 


20 


700,000 


30 


51 


1 950 


958.000 


23 


42 


871,000 


60 


32 


886,000 


26 


65 



PHILADELPHIA 

48 WARD5 A5 AT PRESENT 


YEAR 


POPULATION 


INCREASE 


% 

INC. 


POP. 

per 
ACRE 


YEAR 


POPULATION 


INCREASE 


% 

INC. 


POP. 
PER 
ACRE 


1790 


54,391 








1880 


847,170 


173,146 


26 


10 








18 00 


81.009 


26.618 


49 


1 


1890 


1 046,964 


199,794 


24 


13 


18 1 


1 1 1, 2 1 


30.201 


37 


1 


1900 


1,293.697 


246,733 


24 


16 


182.0 


137,087 


25\877 


23 


1 


19 10 


1,549.008 


255,311 


20 


19 


1830 


1 88,737 


51,710 


38 


2 


19 15 


1,700.000 






20 






1840 


£58,037 


69,240 


37 


3 


1920 


1,934,000 


384.992 


25 


23 


1850 


408.462 


150.425 


58 


5 


1930 


2,447000 


513,000 


26 


30 


' I860 


565,529 


157,067 


38 


7 


1940 


3,145.000 


698,000 


28 


38 


1870 


674,022 


108,493 


19 


8 


1950 


4000.000 


855,000 


27 


48 



THESE WERE DONE FIRST IN PHILADELPHIA 

The first pleasure grounds in the country were laid out in 1681. 
The first medical school was established here in 1751. 
The first hospital, the Pennsylvania, was started in 1751. 
The first piano in the country was made in Philadelphia in 1775. 
The first law school in the country was opened in this city in 1790. 
The first High School in the country once stood on a portion of the site 
now occupied by the Wanamaker Store. 

The first bank in the country was the Bank of Pennsylvania, in opera- 
tion from 1780 to 1784. The oldest bank now in existence is also here — 
the Bank of North America, chartered in December, 1781. 

The first water works in the country were in Center Square, now called 
Penn Square. 
The Wanamaker Store was the first store to 

Install 2000 telephones as part of the store service. 

Inaugurate the Saturday half-holiday. 

Inaugurate the Saturday whole-holiday in summer with no loss 

to employes of vacation or pay. 
Use pneumatic cash-carrying tubes. 
Install electric lights. 
Install Marconi wireless service. 
Have general free delivery by mail, express or freight. 

47 



HOW TO GET GABS AND TAXIGABS 

Cabs may be found at the railroad stations. Telephone, Spruce 4736 
(Broad Street), Preston 4550 (West Philadelphia), Tioga 4780 (North 
Philadelphia), or Filbert 2420 (Reading Terminal). 

For taxicabs — Quaker City Cab Company. — Telephone, Filbert 2500. 
Rates: for four persons or fewer, first half-mile or fraction, 50 cents; 
each additional quarter-mile, 10 cents; each three minutes of waiting, 
10 cents ; each additional passenger over four, 20 cents. 

American Taxicab Company. — Telephone, Spruce 3140. Rates : first 
half-mile or fraction, 50 cents; each additional quarter-mile, 10 cents; 
each three minutes of waiting, 10 cents. Taxicabs, per hour, $2.50 and $4. 
Landaulettes, limousines and touring cars — one to four persons — per 
hour, $4. Small touring cars, per hour, $3. Ford cars, per hour, $2.50. 
Large touring cars or large limousines — six passengers — $5. Special rates 
for waiting. 

Pennsylvania Taximeter Cab Company. — Telephone, Locust 2873. 
Rates : for four persons or fewer, first mile, 70 cents ; each additional 
mile, 40 cents ; each three minutes of waiting, 10 cents ; each hour of 
waiting, $2. Five-passenger touring cars, $4 an hour. Seven-passenger 
cars, limousine or landaulette, $5. Special rates for day, week or month. 



INDEX 



Academy of the Fine Arts 31 

Academy of Music 33 

Academy of Natural Sciences 30 

Adelphia, Hotel 1Q 

Art Galleries 31 

Automobiles, Sight-Seeing 40 

Baseball Parks 35 

Bellevue-Stratford Hotel 19 

Betsy Ross or First Flag House.... 10 

Broad Street, View of 12 

Cabs and Taxicabs 48 

Carpenters' Hall 5, 9 

Christ Church 8 

Churches 28 

City Hall 14 

Collegiate Institutions 20 

Commercial Museum 30 

Congress Hall 11 

Declaration of Independence 11 

Educational Institutions 20, 21 

Fairmount Park 37 — 39 

First Things in Philadelphia 47 

Franklin, Benjamin 6 

Franklin's Shop and His Grave 4 

Girard College 21 

Girard Trust Company 17 

High Schools 20 

Historical Society 30 

Horticultural Hall 34 

Hotels 19 

Independence Hall 7, 11 

Industries in Philadelphia 29 

League Island Navy Yard 41 

Liberty Bell 7, 11 

Libraries 22 



Manufacturers' Club 29 

Masonic Temple 36 

Memorial Hall 31, 38 

Metropolitan Opera House 32, 33 

Mint 16 

Morris House 10 

Museums 30 

Navy Yard 41 

Old Swedes' Church 9 

Parks 37, 38, 39 

Park Trolley Line 37 

Penn Cottasre 3 

Perm, William 2, 3, 4 

Picture Galleries 31 

Places of Amusement 34, 35 

Pleasure Parks 37 

Population Statistics 46, 47 

Public Schools 20 

Restaurants 19 

Ritz-Carlton Hotel 19 

Roof Gardens 19 

Schools, Public 20 

Seashore Resorts 41 

Shibe Park 35 

Street Numbers 15, 42 

Suburban Points 40 

Tea Room, Wanamaker 19 

Theatres and Places of Amusement, 34, 35 

Trips Out of Town 40 

Union League 22 

University of Pennsylvania 21 

Valley Forge 40 

Walnut Lane Bridge 38 

Wanamaker Store 23 — 27 

Washington Monument 38 

Willow Grove 34, 39 

Wissahickon Park ' 39 

Woodside Park 34, 38 

Y. M. C. A. and Y. W. C. A 19 

Zoological Garden 38 



48 



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